How To Find A Private English Tutor Near Me

How To Find A Private English Tutor Near MeIf you are wondering how to find a private English tutor near me, read on. You may wonder how can I be so sure that my private tutor is right for me, or whether my family and friends are reliable.As many of you already know, the web has made it so much easier to find and hire tutors for any language you wish to learn. When you look around online, you will find several tutors, both on-line and offline, and some of them offer English language tutoring.There are literally hundreds of different private English tutors, all offering tutoring services for foreign languages. In some cases, you may even be able to find an individual that lives in your area that is willing to teach you at their home. It's likely that they can also serve as a translator or help you find a good quality book.These are all very good places to start if you are looking for an English tutor to help you learn your first language. You can visit many of the websites mentioned a bove and check out the credentials of the tutors. If the person doesn't have certification, be sure to find out what they have.As you go further along, you will find that some tutors offer more than one way to help you learn English. For example, some of the tutor services have English as a second language, and also work through a program where you are able to practice English every day for a specific amount of time. In these cases, the tutor will offer English classes with an instructor that may be a native English speaker but will probably know more about the language than you do.Keep in mind that there are many different ways to learn English. Some people say that learning with audio/video courses is by far the best way to learn to speak English, but those courses don't guarantee success. Remember that the real trick is to take the time, and put the effort into learning it.If you really want to learn English, make sure you check out all of the various ways to learn it. In fact, y ou might find that it's not really necessary to look for a private English tutor near me, because there are plenty of ways for you to learn the language.

Speaking Italian and Living in Italy

Speaking Italian and Living in Italy Do You Need to Speak Italian to Live in Italy? ChaptersThe Level of Italian You’ll NeedCan You Go to Italy without Speaking a Word of the Language?Study in Italy to Improve Your ItalianEstablishing Your Career in ItalyLearning Italian in Italy“You may have the universe if I may have Italy.” - Giuseppe VerdiThere are around 26,000 Brits living in Italy. With its food fashion, history, and art, it’s an appealing place to go. Whether they’re working, studying, or just discovering the country, they’ll need to speak some Italian.Language learning is a rewarding experience and whether you’re going to Naples, Sienna, Bologna, Rome, Turin, Palermo, or Florence, you should ask yourself whether you speak enough Italian to get by.In this article, we're going to look at just how good your Italian will need to be before you move there, whether or not you can move to Italy without speaking a word of the language, how studying Italian in Italy can improve your language skills, how to start a career in Italy, and how you can learn Italian just by living in the country. DanielaItalian Teacher 5.00 (9) £50/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors LuciaItalian Teacher 5.00 (4) £17/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors MarilùItalian Teacher 5.00 (8) £22/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors MarcoItalian Teacher £15/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors AntonellaItalian Teacher 5.00 (2) £14/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors GiusyItalian Teacher 5.00 (3) £25/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors EnricoItalian Teacher 5.00 (2) £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors FedericaItalian Teacher 5.00 (2) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutorsThe Level of Italian You’ll NeedWould you like to find work or study in Italy? Do you really need to speak Italian before you arrive? What level do you need to get by and speak with native speakers?Whatever language you’re learning to speak, you can use the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) to gauge how well y ou speak it. The levels are (from lowest to highest) A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, and C2.There are plenty of great reasons to move to Italy. (Source: Free-Photos)But what do these levels mean?There’s no such thing as A0. A1 is your where you start. If you don’t know anything about the language, you’re definitely an A1.The levels increase from there. A C2 level is the highest level you can get. A lot of people think that just because you can have a conversation in Italian, you’re bilingual.You’re only really bilingual if you speak both your mother tongue and your second language as well as one another. This is when you’re familiar with all the nuances of the Italian languages.You should probably put your CEFR level in Italian on your CV, too.The CEFR is based on skills such as reading, listening, speaking, and writing. For each level, you’ll need to prove your worth in each of these skills.Some job offers come with a specific level. Similarly, universities expect a good level of Italian.  Of course, the level you’ll need will depend on what you’re planning on doing in the country.Can You Go to Italy without Speaking a Word of the Language?Learning Italian isn’t the most complicated thing you’ll ever do. Fortunately for you, over half of English words have Latin origins, just like the Italian language itself.Ready to pack your bags? (Source: Tama66)If you’ve learnt any other Romance languages like Spanish, Portuguese, or French, it’ll help. While the pronunciation differs, Italian grammar has a similar structure to these languages and a lot of Italian vocabulary is related to or shared with these languages, too!  That’s why you could actually go to Italy without knowing a single word.That said, you should still make an effort before you go to learn some useful phrases and greetings so that you can be polite. Even though the level of English spoken in Italy is very good, they’ll appreciate the effort.Once you’re there, you can always take I talian language courses  if you’re serious about learning the language. You’ll learn much more quickly once you’re there.Speaking Italian will help a lot when it comes to finding accommodation. In fact, if you don’t know the language, it’ll be difficult to get anything done, especially when looking for somewhere to live.Speaking the language is also useful if you want to meet people or just ask for help.  If you want to learn more Italian, you’ll probably not want to live with other English speakers.In terms of work, it’ll be more complicated to find work if you don’t speak the language. You should focus on language classes if you require a certain level for a job.One of the hardest things about learning Italian is the accent. It’s often much easier to understand Italian when you read than when you listen to it. This means you’ll have to make a concerted effort when listening.The same goes for speaking. If you don’t correctly pronounce words, natives will have a hard time understanding you and the intonation is also important.Find out more about the cost of living in Italy. Or join some  Italian Classes London. DanielaItalian Teacher 5.00 (9) £50/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors LuciaItalian Teacher 5.00 (4) £17/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors MarilùItalian Teacher 5.00 (8) £22/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors MarcoItalian Teacher £15/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors AntonellaItalian Teacher 5.00 (2) £14/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors GiusyItalian Teacher 5.00 (3) £25/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors EnricoItalian Teacher 5.00 (2) £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors FedericaItalian Teacher 5.00 (2) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutorsStudy in Italy to Improve Your ItalianLearning Italian in the UK’s a good place to start, but it’s better learning Italian where it’s spoken. Each year, thousands of students decide to head to Italy in order to learn the country’s language.Learning Italian will be useful for meeting people. (Source: kirkandmimi)Some students don’t know the first thing about Italian before they start an Italian course.That said, many will learn some Italian before they go. You can learn Italian in schools and universities before you go to Italy. If you study foreign languages, you’ll also have a chance to get an intermediate level in the language before you go.By going to Italy, you can put your knowledge of the language to the test in real everyday situations. Learning a language is also a way to learn more about a given culture. You’ll be shocked at just how much of the language you can learn when you immerse yourself in the culture.Before you start looking at ways to study Italian in Italy, you should consider looking at different courses.A lot of Italian universities offer level tests for foreign students. You can also get the CILS (Certification of Italian as a Foreign Language). There are four differen t levels. If you reach level two, you can attend universities without having to pass a level test.Establishing Your Career in ItalyNot everyone goes to Italy for the same reasons. Some want to spend time learning about Italian culture whereas others want to establish a career there. The level of Italian you’ll need for a career won’t be the same as that for doing a summer job, for example.If you want to spend a year in Italy to learn more about the country, a beginner’s level will suffice. On the other hand, if you plan to work for  an Italian company, you’ll probably need a better level.Some international business in Italy might take place in English, though. In this case, you can speak your mother tongue. However, in some situations, only Italian will be spoken.While you may be able to start your career with a low level of Italian, you’ll probably want to improve as you go along.With most employers wanting proof of your level in the language, passing Italian exams are pr etty essential. Just like the TOEFL or Cambridge exams for English, these exams can be used to prove your level in the language.Nothing will stop you from attending Italian lessons while you work.Find out more about visas in Italy.Learning Italian in ItalyLearning Italian in Italy is arguably the best way to learn the language. This means that you can go to Italy regardless of your level in Italian. Make sure you give yourself enough time to reach the level you need.Beginners should consider getting language lessons for basic Italian so that they know how to speak to their landlord, people in supermarkets and local businesses, and to their employer, if they're working for an Italian company.Make sure you read and study Italian. (Source: Engin_Akyurt)You could always learn Italian by spending time in language schools, doing intensive courses, etc.Travelling to Italy is an opportunity to surround yourself with the language and culture and work on your vocabulary and speaking.There are also Italian lessons in the UK that you can take before you go. In Italy, you’ll probably have to speak in Italian almost every day. Whether it’s to do your shopping, meet friends, or get on a bus, you’ll need to speak the language.To get the most out of your new language, you may want to stay with a host family, get Italian flatmates, listen to Italian radio, or read newspapers. There are plenty of ways to improve your language skills.Private tutors can help you to learn the basics of Italian or master the language before you head to the country. Whether you need some help just introducing yourself or need to refresh your Italian because you haven't used it for a long time, you should consider checking out the many talented private tutors on Superprof  (a lot of them will even offer the first hour of tuition for free just to see if they're the right tutor for you!).What are you waiting for?

Great Embroidery Resources

Great Embroidery Resources The Best Places to Learn how to Embroider ChaptersPintangleMary Corbet's Needle 'N ThreadSublime StitchingFeeling StitchyOther Ways to Learn How to Embroider: Blogs and GuidesHow Do you Use an Embroidery Tutorial?The Advantages of Embroidery Tutorials“Every child is an artist. The problem is how to remain an artist once we grow up.” - Pablo PicassoAccording to OpinionWay, men are just as likely to be interested in arts and crafts as women. Around 53% of men and 54% of women have creative hobbies. There’s a very small gap between the two.With the arrival of YouTubers, it’s never been easier to find tutorials on arts and crafts. Whether you want to learn how to cross-stitch, embroider a cushion, follow an embroidery pattern, there are plenty of tutorials.In this article, here are some embroidery sites that you should add to your bookmarks. RaySewing Teacher 5.00 (6) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors PrincessSewing Teacher 5.00 (2) £18/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors AnaSewing Teacher 5.00 (4) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors ArianwenSewing Teacher 5.00 (2) £25/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors ShaziaSewing Teacher 5.00 (2) £10/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors ZanetaSewing Teacher 5.00 (1) £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors GianmariaSewing Teacher £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors JacquelineSewing Teacher £17/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutorsPintanglePintangle is a great blog for aspiring embroiderers, especially with its “Stitch Dictionary” that includes plenty of embroidery and cross-stitch designs and information about needlecraft in general.Find out more about embroidery.Mary Corbet's Needle 'N ThreadIf you want to learn about cross-stitching, embroidery, and all the different techniques, you'll probably want to have a look at their site. How can you start an embroidery project? (Source: monika1607)There are “How To” guides, tips and techniques, free cross-stitch patterns and embroidery patterns, and a shop. Even though this blog is based in the US, you can buy the patterns on the shop as digital downloads.There are also book reviews, free books online, and links to embroidery supplies.Sublime StitchingThis website includes embroidery and cross-stitch patterns and information about kits, textiles, threads, tools, books, and gifts as well as a blog.In terms of patterns, you can get transfer patterns, PDF patterns, cross-stitch patterns, and, most importantly, free patterns.Again, with this blog being based in the US, it's probably better to get your embroidery and cross-stitch kits from local sellers.A beginner embroidery or cross-stitch kit will often include needles, embroidery thread, and guides to needlepoint, some beginner embroidery patterns to look at, and some cross-stitch fabric to get you started. RaySewi ng Teacher 5.00 (6) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors PrincessSewing Teacher 5.00 (2) £18/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors AnaSewing Teacher 5.00 (4) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors ArianwenSewing Teacher 5.00 (2) £25/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors ShaziaSewing Teacher 5.00 (2) £10/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors ZanetaSewing Teacher 5.00 (1) £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors GianmariaSewing Teacher £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors JacquelineSewing Teacher £17/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutorsFeeling StitchyThis site has book reviews, tutorials, and a project a month. There are plenty of articles complete with photos on how to complete different projects, different stitches, and over the years, a lot of different embroiderers have contributed to this blog meaning that there's a good variety of content for anyone wanting to learn more about the craft.Other Ways to Learn How to Embroider: Bl ogs and GuidesIn the digital age, the number of videos (on YouTube or elsewhere) is constantly multiplying. Many people have decided to share their knowledge online. That said, there are other ways to learn how to embroider. You can learn how to embroider without watching videos on YouTube.Find sewing classes near me. How do you do embroidery? (Source: saulhm)Take blogs, for example. Many enthusiastic embroiderers share their knowledge of their craft on their blogs.  Even though they say that a picture is worth a thousand words, these words can be incredibly useful for those wanting to learn how to embroider or cross-stitch. Furthermore, most tutorials are accompanied by clear pictures outlining the technique and steps you have to follow.  Add them to your bookmarks.You can also find some very good embroidery and cross-stitch tutorials in books and printed media. You can find these in specialist arts and craft shops as well as in haberdasheries. If you’re an absolute beginner when it comes to embroidery, some kits often come with a guide.There are also counted cross-stitch kits and stamped cross-stitch kits. With counted cross-stitch patterns, the pattern is printed onto a sheet of paper whereas stamped cross-stitch patterns are printed directly onto the fabric itself. These kits are a great way to learn how to embroider and understand the basics. Later on, you can start adding things like rhinestones, ribbons, and glitter, before moving onto all manner of stitchery and ornate tapestry.How Do you Use an Embroidery Tutorial?How can you get the most out of an embroidery tutorial? Why not use an embroidery kit to get started? (Source: PublicDomainPictures)It’s not enough to just watch a video and assume you’ve fully understood the technique.  It’s a good idea to start by just watching the video to familiarise yourself with the technique. Once you’ve watched the video, you can sit down to get to work. Get all your embroidery equipment ready!Once there, follow the step-by-step instructions. If the video’s quite quick, you can regularly pause it so that you don’t get overwhelmed.Video tutorials for embroidery can be effective if you take your time. Make sure you choose to watch videos that are within the range of your abilities. Don’t start by watching advanced videos if you haven’t even had a go of working on an Aida cloth, for example.If you want to learn about counted cross-stitch, embroidery floss, or just sewing in general, embroidery tutorials are great resources for embroiderers and cross-stitchers alike.The Advantages of Embroidery Tutoria lsLearning to embroider used to passed down from generation to generation. However, your parents or grandparents mightn’t know how to embroider. Nowadays, that’s not too big of a concern as the internet can help you learn almost anything. Make sure you prepare your workspace before you get started. (Source: katetsib)You can find embroidery classes, tutorials, or even teach yourself how to embroider by following guides. Tutorials can help when it comes to learning new skills.  The biggest advantage is that you can learn to embroider whenever you want to. When you feel like it or when you have the time. You can learn without feeling pressured or obligated to.Another advantage is that you can decide what aspects you want to learn about. You can choose whether to learn to embroider a cushion, garment, etc. and find a tutorial and project relating to that.  Make this most of this incredible resource and become an embroiderer.If you need more help with needlework, a particular cross-stitch pattern or just getting your fabric onto your embroidery hoop, consider getting help from a private tutor. They'll be able to take you through which embroidery kits to get, the stitches, the brands to keep an eye out for (Bucilla, DMC, Au nt Martha, etc.), and the different types of embroidery (Blackwork, Hardanger, etc.).On Superprof, you can find quality tutors offering tuition in a variety of arts and crafts including sewing, embroidery, cross-stitch, and fashion design. There are three main types of tutorial available and tutors will offer one or several of them: face-to-face tutorials, online tutorials, and group tutorials.Just like the tutors themselves, each type of tutorial comes with its pros and cons and it's up to you to decide which type will be best for you according to how you want to learn, why you want to learn, and your budget when it comes to paying private tutors. In general, the more tailored the service, the more you'll expect to pay for the tutor's time as you'll not just be paying for the time they're with you but also the countless hours they spend outside of their tutorials planning their sewing classes near me.Face-to-face tutorials or one-to-one tutorials are just between you and your priva te tutor. In these types of tutorials, you'll have a tutor who's planned a session for you and who can tailor their approach to you and your learning style. Of course, this all comes at a price which tends to make this type of private tutorial the most costly of them all. However, with bespoke tuition and tailored sessions, this type of private tutorial is also the most cost-effective.With online tutorials, you are in one place and your tutor is in another. Much like face-to-face tutorials, these are between you and your tutor, but your tutor won't physically be there in the room with you. If you've got a webcam, microphone, and a decent internet connection, you can get embroidery tutorials from talented tutors all over the world. Since the tutors won't have to travel to any of their students and can schedule more tutorials a week, they have fewer outgoing and great earning potential per hour, allowing them to charge more competitively for their private tutorials. This means that on line tutorials tend to be cheaper than face-to-face tutorials.Finally, there are group tutorials which, as the name suggests, takes place with groups of students. While you won't benefit from tutorials that are tailored just to you, you can still get tutorials where you're in a small group or even opt to get tutorials with a group of your friends if you have enough that are interested in embroidery. With several students paying for the tutors time, these tutorials tend to be the cheapest per person per hour. If you're on a budget, these might be the way to go.You'll have to have a look at the different tutors on the platform and see what's available, what you can afford, and what will be the best for you. It's also a good idea to try out the tutors who offer the first hour of tuition for free so you can see whether or not you get along with them and whether their teaching style is right for you.

Math tutors can help you in tough maths problems as well

Math tutors can help you in tough maths problems as well Math tutors can help you in tough math problems as well I do not remember when was the last time I had not hired a tuition teacher for myself. Tuition teachers form the base of any learning phase. With busy parents kids are left out with certain troubles of their own. They are unable to get that much help and care which is needed for their growth. Parents can help you to learn a subject in a much better way. When you are not able to get what parents teach you or may be when parents do not have enough time to teach their kids then you need the help of a private tutor. Private tutor helps in making your lives easy.The charges are less and thus being a parent you can enroll your child into any such institute and it will help your child to grow. The Math tutors that are available with Tutor Pace are well known and delivers the entire subject brilliantly.   A good teacher is very important for any student to learn and understand a subject better. When you have a good teacher by your side then things turn out to be easy and faster to adapt. Mathematics is a tough subject and thus an experienced teacher can bring you closer to success. An intelligent student can easily cope up with the tough subject but it becomes very tiring and hard for any weak student to get to know about the subject. It has various tough parts and thus need of a good teacher increases. Online tutoring is different than school education Since very initial days if you are under the proper guidance of an expert teacher then you have a strong base over the subject and it can also help you to work hard less in your middle school or at your high schools. But very few are that much lucky to have such a teacher by your side. Today with the increase in professionalism the increase in number of problems are found. Earlier the private tutors were fair enough and they used to teach in such a manner that it used to help the students largely. Math tutors a good grip over the subject and also knew the whereabouts of the student in a great way. With the advent of technology one of the best ways of learning is through online tutoring way. It is a new way of learning but is getting into the grip of a subject. Online tutoring needs the help of internet to perform any activity related with it. The online tutoring facilities help in making the work of a student decrease to a large amount. Mathematics has many variations in it and as a subject it is one of the most tough and interesting subject as well. The interest in the subject is due to the toughness in it. Online tutoring has lot of ways through which the entire process of learning becomes easy and accessible. Now it’s time to mend all the problems and know about the advantages that online tutoring can bring to you. Advantages of online tutoring courses The availability of good teachers is the most important benefit of an online tutor. Online tutors help in making the entire process of learning easy and accessible. The teachers who are appointed in the institute are very much experienced and thus the teachers make it a point to teach the students with full perfection. When you are under the guidance of a knowledgeably teacher then things turn out to be easy. The interview process through which the teacher has to go through is also very tough and this is the reason why only good teachers are appointed. The online teachers are available all round the clock. This is considered as a great help for the students who cannot bring out time for their studies in the crucial hours of the day due to various other activities. Online tutoring institutes helps in making the work to get conducted at any time. It depends on the student as to when they want to avail the classes. The classes and the math tutors are available as a student’s wish and need. This is considered as one of the best service that any institute can bring to a student. Benefits of online tutoring The one-on-one service is also available with online tutoring facility. When you have this facility of having a teacher beside you whenever you need them then it brings in a kind of self confidence which then makes the entire process of learning easy and smooth. The single teacher is appointed to teach and help a single student and with all the perfection the teacher does this. The teacher detects the problem that the student has related with the subject and then they frame out strategies through which the student can learn better and faster without much wastage of time. The qualification of the teachers is very high as compared to the private tutors that are present. The private tutors make it a point to teach within time limitation, but here in the world of online tutoring things are no so, the resistance of limitation over time is not there and thus for any student it is easy. The other aspect of online tutoring is that the charges for any of the service that they provide are very less as compared to any other way of learning. It is possible for any middle class family also to easily afford the expenses as in comparison with the service the charges are very minimum and stuck to ground level. Long list of features are found in the world of online tutoring. The online tutoring is the best way for any student in the present generation because of the fact that they all know how to handle internet. But the tough work is to choose from the long list of institutes that have spread all over the world. Tutor Pace is an institute that is very much renowned and also has a great amount of features that are more and different from the other institutes.

Electromagnets and Electromagnetism.

Electromagnets and Electromagnetism. What is an Electromagnet, and How Does it Work? ChaptersWhen Did We Discover the Electromagnet?Recap: What is Magnetism?What is Electromagnetism?How Do Electromagnets Work?What Do We Use Electromagnets for?An interesting question to pose would be the following: what would the world be like if we didn’t have electromagnets?Whilst magnets themselves â€" and the magnetic field in general â€" are naturally occurring phenomena, electromagnets really aren’t. They had to be invented. And, given that these things combine an electric current with a magnetic material, they arrived in our lives actually relatively late in the history of things.Electromagnets are some of the most powerful magnets we have. And, because of this, they have become absolutely crucial to industry, technology, and all sorts of different everyday things that we have about our homes.And so, learning about electromagnets is not just wild, irrelevant theory, no. Rather, they are hugely useful â€" and can do things that only they can actually do. Not to mention the f act that the science of the electromagnet is pretty fascinating in itself.So back to that question: where would we be these days without the power of the electromagnet? The answer, honestly, is nowhere very much at all. We’d have no generators â€" and no possibility of power storage and power transmission â€" for example.But we’ll come back to that question later. Let’s take a little look at the theory of the electromagnet.Looking for a physics and maths tutor s1? Find one now on Superprof. PetarPhysics Teacher 5.00 (11) £40/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors MyriamPhysics Teacher 5.00 (13) £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors Dr parikhPhysics Teacher 5.00 (8) £40/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors RubenPhysics Teacher 5.00 (1) £15/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors FrankPhysics Teacher 5.00 (8) £90/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors JidePhysics Teacher 4.80 (5) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors DorothyPhysics Teacher 5.0 0 (5) £40/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors RahulPhysics Teacher £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutorsWhen Did We Discover the Electromagnet?Without the electromagnet, the chances are that we’d still be living in something a bit like the 1820s.This technology wasn’t invented until the 1820s, when two separate scientists â€" one in Denmark, and the other, William Sturgeon, in England â€" began playing with the interaction of electricity and magnetism. It was Hans Christian Ørsted (or Oersted) who first realised that an electrical current creates a magnetic field, whilst Sturgeon made the first, rudimentary, electromagnet.However, no-one knew quite how this coil of copper wire could produce a magnetic field for another century, almost, when in 1906 a French physicist started to tackle the problem. And with his theory of the magnetic domain, we came a step closer to knowing what on earth was actually happening in the middle of all that coiled wire.But this story mi sses two of the most important names in the history of electromagnetism. You might have heard of Michael Faraday â€" who discovered the principle of electromagnetic induction. Or of André-Marie Ampère, who showed that two parallel wires repel and attract each other depending on which way the current passes â€" and who gave his name to the amp (or ampere).Electromagnetism has, since then, been a technology that has gone from strength to strength, filling our world with things that we don’t even realise have such an importance.Let’s take a look at the science.Recap: What is Magnetism?The science of electromagnetism is based on the object of the magnet and all its related phenomena: the magnetic poles, magnetic force, and the charged particles which animate all this at a subatomic level.But do you remember what magnetism is precisely? We discuss it in detail in our article, What is Magnetism?, yet it is helpful to have a little recap here.Magnetism works because of unpaired elect rons. Whilst electrons are the particles that make up part of the atom, most materials have electron pairs with opposite charges. These charges are known as ‘spins’ and are conventionally known as ‘positive charge’ and ‘negative’.When electrons are paired, their respective magnetic moment is neutralised â€" meaning they have no magnetic force.However, when they are unpaired, they are not neutralised â€" and in properly magnetic materials, scientifically known as ferromagnetic materials, these electrons can all spontaneously point in the same direction, giving the material properly magnetic properties.This ferromagnetism is found in materials like iron and nickel. Electromagnets produce a strong magnetic field. PetarPhysics Teacher 5.00 (11) £40/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors MyriamPhysics Teacher 5.00 (13) £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors Dr parikhPhysics Teacher 5.00 (8) £40/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors RubenPhysics Teacher 5.00 (1) £15/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors FrankPhysics Teacher 5.00 (8) £90/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors JidePhysics Teacher 4.80 (5) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors DorothyPhysics Teacher 5.00 (5) £40/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors RahulPhysics Teacher £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutorsWhat is Electromagnetism?Whilst this is the way that magnetism works ‘naturally’, electromagnets work slightly differently. The discoveries of the likes of Ampère, Faraday, and Ørsted lay in precisely the realisation that this wasn’t the only way in which magnetism worked.Rather, they saw that electrical current flow also has a magnetic field. Ampère’s discovery â€" that wires with currents flowing in opposite directions attract each other â€" proved this.In electromagnetism, the whole of the wire through which the electricity is flowing becomes magnetized. This, again, is due to the electrons. But rather than just directed in a certain way â€" or arranged ‘inline’ â€" in an electric current the electrons are untethered from their atoms and flow along the length of the material. This provides the magnetic strength.Fundamental Interactions.However, electromagnetism â€" this combination of magnetism and electricity â€" is quite a lot more important than just the electromagnet itself.In fact, electromagnetism is actually described as one of the fundamental interactions that motivates all physical laws (the others being gravitation, weak, and strong interactions). And so electromagnetism is actually the force that keeps atoms together, it is responsible for light, and it is responsible for the bonding of chemical compounds.It is really a very busy thing, electromagnetism. And its discovery â€" as well as our ability to harness its power â€" has been a hugely important part of human’s scientific development.Find out about magnetism and electromagnetism here!How Do Electromagnets Work?But how do these things work, these electromagnets precisely? We’ve heard enough about the background, but how does an electromagnet per se function.An electromagnet works in pretty much the same way as a simple bar magnet. It has, like such a normal permanent magnet, a north pole and a south pole, which tend to reject the identical poles of other magnets. Again, in the same way, it produces a magnetic field â€" the same that you would be able to see with iron filings.However, the difference between an electromagnet and a normal one is that an electromagnet has a much stronger magnetic field. And, of course, you can turn it off and on by switching off the current. Both of these things make it part icularly useful.The Structure of an Electromagnet.As we discussed above, the physical reason for the magnetic force differs between a normal ferromagnet and its electromagnetic cousin. In the former, the electrons are aligned â€" yet, in the latter, the current of electrons that is electricity produces the magnetic field.So, wires themselves are magnetic, as Ampère showed. But to make an electromagnet, we use a more sophisticated method.This method is based on coils of wire. Take a cylindrical piece of ferromagnetic metal such as iron and wrap the wire coiling â€" usually made of copper â€" around it. As soon as you switch the electricity on, the current will run through the wire and will magnetize the metal in the centre â€" just like a permanent magnet.Switch the electricity off and the metal will cease to be magnetic.It’s that simple really. And you don’t strictly need the iron core â€" as the magnetic field that coil produces is already centred on the hole through the middl e of the coil. However, that iron core, or ‘magnetic core’, makes the electromagnet even more powerful â€" thousands of times more powerful.You could make an electromagnet yourself, if you wanted to. But be careful â€" and do it under supervision.What Do We Use Electromagnets for?So, let’s return to that question, what would the world be like these days if we didn’t have electromagnets? It really is a fascinating question â€" and we could perhaps phrase it better as what things wouldn’t we have if we didn’t have electromagnets?The answer is potentially quite long. But we can answer this question with reference to some of the most powerful and ubiquitous technologies that use electromagnetism. They are honestly everywhere. These things are all using magnetic fields.Electric Motors and Generators.An electric motor â€" that you’ll find in cars and all sorts of other machines â€" relies on the interaction of a magnetic field with an electrical current.These are made from a stator â€" a magnet around the edge of the motor that remains static â€" and a rotor, a rotating electromagnet that is almost identical to the coil described above.As electricity is put into the coil, the coil becomes attracted to the stator, which is then flipped so that it repels it. Consequently, the coil continually spins and produces mechanical energy.These, motors, by the way, are in everything from your computer to your headphones, your oven to your hard drive.Generators are identical, mechanically; they just work in the opposite direction.Transformers.Given that electrical power lines carry hundreds of thousands of electrical volts, before that electricity enters your toaster (which only needs some two hundred volts), it needs to be reduced in voltage. That’s what a transformer does.It works through the placement of two coils. That huge electrical voltage passes through the first coil. If you put a coil with fewer turns in it alongside it, the electrical current will jump across to the next coil â€" but will have a lower voltage.Without this thing, you wouldn’t be able to use any electrical equipment in your house.Magnetic Levitation.One of the coolest things people have done with electromagnets is magnetic levitation, or maglev. This is a transport system in which trains levitate â€" and can go faster more efficiently due to the lack of friction.This requires to sets of very strong magnets. One lifts the train from the rails and the other propels it done the track. Some sophisticated trains now use magnetism to avoid friction.

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